Chronic ventilatory failure
Chronic ventilatory failure (CVF) is a progressive, long-term condition where the respiratory system cannot adequately remove carbon dioxide (\(CO_{2}\)) or supply oxygen, often resulting in chronic hypercapnia (high blood \(CO_{2}\)) and/or hypoxemia (low blood oxygen). It is generally caused by underlying chronic diseases like COPD, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, or neuromuscular…